You look at some of the floor with film defects-Iota

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Service > You look at some of the floor with film defects

You look at some of the floor with film defects

⑴, sagging
Description: The paint is applied on a vertical surface, the sag resistance due to its poor or improper applied, the film is too thick and so reason the wet paint move down an uneven coating thickness at the edges of various shapes.
The reason:
1, slow solvent evaporation.
2, coated too thick.
3, spraying distance too close, improper spraying angle.
4, coating viscosity is too low.
5, the temperature is too low.
6, almost no ventilation, the air around the solvent vapor content.
7, than the major paint containing pigments (such as barium sulfate), poorly dispersed in the binder in paint.
8, the old paint (especially in light of the film on) when applied new paint also easy to produce flow marks.
Preventive measures:
1, the selection of suitable solvents
2, a conventional paint coating thickness control in 20 ~ 25μm appropriate. You want to get a thicker coating, thermosetting coating can be "wet on wet" process, or use high-solids coatings.
3, to improve the proficiency of the spraying operation, control large parts spraying distance of spraying 25 ~ 30cm, spraying small pieces of 15 ~ 20cm, and with the object plane parallel to the movement.
4, strictly control the construction viscosity of the coating, such as lacquers spray viscosity of 18 to 26 seconds, baking 20 to 30 seconds.
5, adequate ventilation, temperatures remain above 10 ℃.
6, add blocking agent to prevent vertical flow mark defects, with good results.
7, in the old coating before applying new paint to polished look.

⑵, wrinkling
Phenomenon: How many regular small amplitude ripple in the form of wrinkles film presentation, it can be deep and part or all of the film thickness.
The reason:
1, extensive use of heavy coating obtained wrinkle prone.
2, paint driers use imbalance, excessive cobalt driers agent.
3, sudden high temperature heating and baking drying, air-drying paint baking temperature is too high.
4, the film is too thick, beyond the conventional.
5, after dipping construction objects, often occurring "hypertrophy edge" is also prone to wrinkling.
6, volatile organic solvent than the volatile organic solvent coating more slowly wrinkling.
Preventive measures:
1, the manufacture of paint containing tung oil, appropriately control the amount of tung oil.
2, adjust the scale driers, additional rest driers.
3, increased component coating resin content.
4, strict control of coating thickness.
5, drying type paint put into the oven for 20 to 30 minutes, or supplemented with zinc driers, agents may also be added to prevent wrinkling.

⑶, orange peel
Phenomenon: Film showing orange peel-like appearance of the surface of disease.
The reason:
1, fast solvent evaporation.
2, the paint itself is poor leveling, coating viscosity.
3, the spray pressure is insufficient, poor atomization.
4, spraying distance inappropriate, as far, gun running fast.
5, painting indoor wind speed too.
6, the temperature is too high, or too early into the drying ovens.
7, the high temperature to be coated.
8, lack of coating thickness.
9, was painted surface is not smooth, affect the paint or the absorption of leveling coatings.
10, the moisture content in nitrocellulose lacquer relationship.
Preventive measures:
1, choose the appropriate solvent, or add some slow volatile high-boiling organic solvent.
2, by testing the use of lower viscosity construction.
3, spray cans with compressed air pressure with suction guns 3.5 kg / cm2, gravitational send guns from 3.5 to 5 kg / cm2, in order to achieve good atomization.
4. Select the appropriate spraying distance, reduce wind speed painting indoors.
5, after being coated spray before entering the high-temperature drying oven, shall be provided with dry room.
6, the temperature should be coated cooled to below 50 ℃, temperature, and spray paint the room temperature should be maintained at around 20 ℃.
7, a coating thickness should be within 20 ~ 26μm it.
8, coated surface should be sufficiently wet sanding to smooth.
9, add the appropriate leveling agent.
Easy to produce these phenomena paint: lacquer, alkyd, amino paint, acrylic paint, powder coating.

⑷, loss of light
Phenomenon: the film's sheen due to the impact of climatic and environmental factors and reduce the phenomenon.
The reason:
1, paint a poor solvent quality, low-boiling solvent more volatile too fast.
2, rare materials and drier too agent, leading to the film surface is dry too quickly, which leads to loss of light.
3 different types of paint mixed with each other and so on.
4, the construction is too viscous.
5, too much humidity greater than 80%, white lacquer absorb water, and loss of light.
6, construction bottom is not smooth.
7, environmental impact.
Preventive measures:
1, plus part of the varnish to increase the gloss.
2, with the same type of paint modulation.
3, grasp and explore a set of application viscosity.

⑸, white
Phenomenon: gloss paint drying process, the film sometimes exhibits opalescent phenomenon. Sometimes after drying it will be restored to the original appearance.
The reason:
1, the air humidity is too large, at more than 80%, more than the proportion of aqueous solvent, or in the drying process due to solvent evaporation coating surface temperature drops, so that the surface of the local air temperature dropped to "dew point" or less, this time in the air Moisture condensation penetrate the coating produced emulsion, the surface becomes translucent white film, until finally the evaporation of water, the air gap was replaced become porous matt coating layer, thus reducing the decorative and mechanical properties of the film.
2, all of the low-boiling organic solvent, and fast evaporation rate.
3, was painted surface temperature is too low.
4, to be painted or diluted aqueous solvent used.
5, in the construction due to the compressed air purification with water separator failure, causing white water into the paint.
6, the ratio of solvents and diluents inappropriate, when the rapid evaporation of part of the solvent, the remaining solvent to dissolve the resin lack of capacity, resulting in precipitation of white resin in the coating.
Preventive measures:
1, the selection of high-boiling slow volatile organic solvents such as butanol, butyl acetate, ethyl lactate and butyl lactate, diacetone alcohol, amyl acetate, cyclohexanone and the like.
2. Before painting, the first to be coated is heated to a temperature higher than the ambient temperature 10 ℃, or the object sent immediately after spraying warm oven.
3, coating site ambient temperature is preferably 15 ~ 25 ℃, relative humidity should not exceed 70%.
4, an organic solvent and compressed air should be used to check whether there should be no pure water.
5, reasonable use of organic solvents and thinners to prevent precipitation of the coating resin.
6, add moisture agent.
Prone to whitish coating: lacquer, paint vinyl chloride, phosphate primer and other volatile type drying paint.

⑹, pinhole
Phenomenon: the existence of a similar morbid needle into the pores in the paint film.
The reason:
1, the varnish of refined bad.
2, the mixing ratio of solvent selection and inappropriate.
3, poor pigment dispersion.
4, adding additives selection and mixing ratio appropriately.
5, the high surface tension of the coating.
6, paint poor liquidity, flattening poor.
7, paints release bubbles poor.
8, the storage temperature is too low, so that solubility and solubility binder is degraded, the local increase in viscosity or precipitation can lead to particles and pinholes.
Painting aspects:
1, was coated on the object plane remains water, oil or other impurities, clear Debu carefully.
2, solvent evaporation speed, and the amount added more than other solvents.
3, the high viscosity of the coating, and poor solubility.
4, prolonged vigorous stirring, mixed with air in the paint, is generated countless bubbles.
5, spray, air pressure is too high, undermining the balance of the wet paint film solvent.
6, the wet film too fast heating, drying is insufficient.
7, was painted hot.
8, wet or dry paint film is too thick.
9. Construction wrong, putty is not smooth.
Painting the environment:
1, fast air flow and high temperature drying the wet paint too early (referring to Table dry).
2, high temperature, spraying oil-water separation equipment failure, unfiltered air.
Preventive measures:
Effective way to prevent generation of pinholes in the dried paint film surface is to eliminate the above-mentioned reasons. In actual production, strictly control the construction viscosity, reduced viscosity and slow adoption of volatile solvent diluted paint better. The coating is easy to produce pinholes are: two-component polyurethane, epoxy paint, amino-modified acrylic resin coating, alkyd, unsaturated polyester asphalt paint, pigmented paint less (e.g. black paint).

⑺, bleeding
Phenomenon: colored material from the lower layer (substrate or film) and enter and pass through the upper film of the diffusion process, thus making the film presents some undesirable coloration or discoloration.
The reason:
1, an undercoat layer of organic pigments or bitumen paint solvent resin is dissolved, the color penetrate the paint coating.
2, the substrate (such as wood) contain colored substances.
3, paint coating and substrate layer containing an organic solvent dissolving power is not completely dry on the topcoat.
Preventive measures:
1, after applying the coating to prevent bleeding back, apply the finish.
2, the intermediate coating or adding flake pigments (such as aluminum, micaceous iron, etc.) in the finish coating.
3, rapid evaporation rate of the underlying paint solvent to dissolve small capacity.
4, can be similar to light primer.
5, after the primer dry, then spray paint.

⑻, sparkling
Phenomenon: a gas such as air or steam, or both solvent coating is applied both formed during the bubble, this bubble in the paint drying process may disappear, and may never exist.
The reason:
1, was coated with oil, sweat, fingerprints, salt, polished ash remaining hydrophilic substance.
2, the surface to be washed clean not use rust remover.
3, non-drying wet penetrate the wood surface, not only blistering after painting, and even lift.
4, damp walls, eager to paint the construction, spread out the water after painting, the film from the top, from the serious tear.
5, damp wood products, after applying paint, the case of thermal evaporation of moisture from the red paint, the thicker the film bubble more serious.
6, dry paint film at a high temperature long-term storage.
7, the bottom is dry, such as putty does not dry, and it barely scraped over putty.
8, wrinkle paint coating is too thick, most no volatile solvents into the drying room temperature is too high, too fast warming.
9, the object is not clean rust, high temperature baking.
10, an air compressor and pipeline with water.
11, cast aluminum parts and aluminum parts have a seam in addition to oil-impermeable bottom.
Preventive measures:
According to the causes, the use of appropriate measures to solve them.

⑼, shrink
Description: The paint coating is not uniformly adhere contraction, wet or dry paint film is not flat, partially exposed to be coated, and some, like the greaseproof paper and pen to write words that were not attached to the phenomenon.
The reason:
1, in the old coat too smooth.
2, were waxy, kerosene, oil, oil and other surface coatings.
3, solvent evaporation and baking temperatures are incompatible, the boiling point of the solvent used paint drying too low, too slow or poorly soluble volatile.
4, by coating the surface of the water.
5, the coating to be coated with a large temperature difference.
6, compressed air and oil mixed with water.
7, the surface to be coated with a sweat or job has been contaminated rags and gloves.
8, coating aids used improperly ratio.
9, solvent poor choice.
10, paint poor liquidity, flattening poor.
Preventive measures:
Adopt appropriate measures in accordance with the above reasons.

⑽, Flooding
Phenomenon: The film contains a mixture of pigment, because pigment resulting from the separation is inconsistent with the overall color of the spots and stripes pattern, the hue messy.
The reason:
1, paint pigment dispersion is poor.
2, paint a big difference in the proportion of added pigment, and unused aid.
3, the use of two or more different types of oil formulation, or stirred in two paint formulations uneven.
4, less diluent solvency.
5, when a coated pigment generating source capable of functioning with ammonia, sulfur dioxide nearby.
6, when brushing, painted in dark colors after not clean the paintbrush and painted light-colored paint.
Preventive measures:
Based on the above, the use of appropriate measures.

⑾, sweating
Phenomenon: matt enamel in oil paint and polished luster phenomenon occurs again. When at above 60 ℃ baking lacquers, plasticizer was precipitated sweat like phenomenon.
The reason:
1, the film is not completely dry before sanding (or not completely evaporate the solvent).
2, lacquer using castor oil, camphor and other non-solvent-based plasticizer.
3, the film surface or lacquers applied paint containing wax, mineral oil or grease may gradually oozing paint surface.
4, the resin content of less linseed oil or edible vegetable oil, the film is easy to sweating, general damp, dark. Especially in poorly ventilated spaces easy to sweat.
Preventive measures:
1, the coating dry before sanding.
2, the choice of solvent-based plasticizer.
3, the use of paint, from choosing paint characteristics to consider, wettability good Petrol adaptation outdoors and sunny environment.
4, before painting the old paint on the wax, oil and other gasoline carefully wiping clean, and then construction.

⑿, bite the bottom
Phenomenon: When applying their same or different in the dry paint film, dry film coating is applied to or during drying it under soften, swell or detached from the substrate phenomena (such as from a normal appearance wrinkle).
The reason:
1, the coating does not dry on coating under a paint.
2, paint solvent capable of swelling primer.
3, coated too thick.
Preventive measures:
1, an undercoat layer should be dry, apply a coat or topcoat after solvent evaporation.
2, the correct choice of paint varieties, with special attention at the end topcoat.
3, from the construction, the first thin coating, the second coating thickness.a

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