Dyeing learning - pre-treatment of common quality problems with the adjuvants selection-Iota

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News > Dynamic industry > Dyeing learning - pre-treatment of common quality problems with the adjuvants selection

Dyeing learning - pre-treatment of common quality problems with the adjuvants selection

1: Pre-treatment of common quality problems with the aid of choice
Quality pre-treatment (bleaching) is not only related to product quality bleaching products, but also as a semi, but also directly affect the dyeing, printing and finishing quality. Some experts say, dyeing and finishing product quality problems, 70% of the pre-treatment caused by poor, there is a certain truth, and fabric dyeing quality related, and related equipment and operating conditions, and the technology and the implementation of relevant, related with the dye with the aid also concerned that we focus on the impact of aid.
1: 1 whiteness and capillary effect of poor problem
Poor Whiteness include whiteness is not pure, uneven and 3Omin capillary effect reach more than 200px, which is related to the quality of knitted fabric, such as lower cotton content and more often whiteness and capillary effect is not easy to do, of course, the most critical is development and aid selection process problems, in the process of making:
(L) H2O2 and NaOH amount must be sufficient:
H2O2 treatment not only play the role of the former dye bleaching, and has to miscellaneous effects (including to cotton seed hulls), H2O2 amount is less (including decompose too quickly), whiteness is impossible to guarantee; NaOH H2O2 bleach not only provide the required base (pH), and with the scouring agent with, played the greatest role to the complex, insufficient amount of NaOH, and sent to the complex, first capillary effect can not meet the requirements. Of course whiteness can not meet the requirements, the amount of H2O2 and NaOH can be said to guarantee the whiteness and capillary effect, the primary factor.
(2) high quality scouring agent:
Net wash scouring agents, emulsifying, dispersing, the combined effect of infiltration must be excellent in order to ensure the removal of impurities net to ensure whiteness and capillary effect, but scouring agents of varying quality on the market, we must choose the best products and the combined effect not just only for penetration and solid content, penetration is only one aspect to consider.
(3) oxygen bleaching stabilizer and chelating dispersant:
This is mainly for two kinds of additives to improve the nature of water adsorption and complexation of Fe3 + and other metal ions to prevent the metal ion catalyzed decomposition of H2O2 produced rapid invalid, if the fast invalid H2O2 decomposition, its whiteness, capillary effect can not reach requirements, and it will cause damage or holes in the fabric brittle. Therefore, to achieve the whiteness and capillary effect, oxygen bleaching stabilizer to select the best varieties, an important consideration in the selection of H2O2 decomposition rate. Chelating dispersant is added only chelated iron, etc., and can chelate disperse water impurities, these impurities caused by not re-stain fabric whiteness dark gray and so on, it is not only chelating dispersant To consider the metal ion chelating force but also consider the dispersion force.
(4) Process Conditions:
Let additives react with impurities is take some time and temperature, if conditions fail, pigments and impurity removal without a net, whiteness and capillary effect the same can not be achieved.
(5) Washing:
After bleaching washing is very important to clean the removed impurities, to ensure whiteness and capillary effect.
1: 2 cotton seed shell removed without a net
Cotton seed hulls removed mainly by NaOH under certain conditions, expansion and swelling of the cotton seed shell, and then by some mechanical cleaning power to remove the cottonseed hull removed without a net is mainly caused by the temperature and time is not enough, it must be at a certain temperature sufficient time to completely remove cotton seed hulls, H2O2 and scouring agent for cotton seed hull to remove the role of some help, it must have a certain pretreatment temperature and time to ensure that the cotton seed hulls removed, but can be added NaHSO3, or anthraquinones help in cottonseed hull removed.
l: 3 hole and brittle damage
Hole and crisp loss due to, among singeing holes, broken hook process, the original outer fabric holes and other reasons, the main reason is that H2O2 bleach bath or cloth presence Fe3 +, Cu2 + and other metal ions; these metals Fast ion catalyzed decomposition of H2O2, causing the fibers brittle damage. If the metal ions to form a hole, so the H2O2 bleaching elbow must select high-oxygen bleaching stabilizer and chelating dispersant (such as rust, etc.) are too concentrated in one place, then the fiber, yarn brittle damage to the complexation, adsorption and fabric bleach bath of metal ions to prevent excessive decomposition of H2O2 damage caused by holes or brittle. If the bleaching of
Of course, the cloth with alkali (to the base without a net) or acidic (to the acid without a net) can also cause brittle damage. Meanwhile, at a high temperature with a base case, the presence of air will be crisp fabric damage, such cases NaHSO3 other weak reducing agent may be added to prevent it.
In addition, the mold is brittle damage and one of the reasons the fabric damp hole.
2: Staining common quality problems with the aid of choice
2: 1 color fastness substandard
Color fastness light fastness, soaping fastness, perspiration fastness, rubbing fastness, open China fastness, ironing fastness, these fastness, the key lies in the structure of dye performance, but also with fiber, dyes It is closely related to the concentration, dyeing and finishing processes, external conditions, so whether the target color fastness, the key is to choose the dye, followed by dyeing and auxiliaries applications.
When the dyeing process accreditation, must be based dyes, fibers and custom indicators reasonably determine that the dye additives help, under certain conditions, as far as possible on the ground dye fastness fiber to make it fully fixed. For additives, the one good choice of leveling agent and accelerating agent, the dye slowly and evenly, fully dyeing fiber; the second is to add a chelating agent to overcome the dye and metal ions from water floating color, and reduce hydrolytic activity of the dye in the water; the third is to select excellent soap lotion, floating to the net, and anti-floating re-stain fabric ;; Fourth, select the appropriate fixing agent, the current sublimation fastness, sun outside fastness is no ideal fixative for soaping fastness, perspiration collapse fastness, rubbing fastness and other indicators have excellent fixative to choose from.
2: 2 brittle damage
Brittle damage showed a strong decline, in addition to the pre-treatment process by oxygen bleaching caused by improper brittle damage or other reasons outside the hole, brittle damage generally two reasons for staining caused by the loss of one brittle such as sulfur black dye caused required to improve the anti-brittle agent, as well as reducing Dyes strong reducing agents and strong oxidant damage to the fibers brittle; the second is improper or dyeing stage and the stage with acid, and acetic acid is generally used, and Currently on the market supply of a number of alternative acid, these alternative acids and some, like BASF's strong organic buffer acid, excluding sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and even superior performance than acetate, Ningbo Runhe Chemical Company buffer acid is true These buffer acid and acetic acid may also improve some shortcomings (such as glacial acetic acid winter inconvenient, irritating odor large residual acidity, and metal ions in water such as Ca + 2Mg + 2) remain on the fabric causing wilt dark shade upon binding, etc. etc.). Some contain H2SO4, HCl, H3PO4 and other alternative acid, not only cause changes in dyeing shade, dyeing and finishing equipment and pumps for corrosive, and during and after acid residue will cause the fabric brittle damage under acidic conditions.
2: 3 wrinkle Article
The main reason there is wrinkled strip produced equipment reasons, there are reasons for the amount of installed cloth bath than reason and processing operations and other reasons, the amount of equipment installed cloth, pressure and friction, pump power and size of the tension between the fabric and the fabric that affect Flatness fabric cloth; bath ratio of size also affects the flatness of the fabric; the aid process operation caused by too much fabric floating foam skid and process heating and cooling operation appears cold and hot phenomenon will result in fine wrinkling phenomenon article . Currently bath lubrication wrinkle agent, bath treasure, bath softener can improve fine wrinkles strip phenomenon, but if your machine does not improve, poor process control, plus bath lubricant alone can not completely avoid fine wrinkles article produced.
2: 4 Wind India
India has little wind and additives, the key is to dye their own performance (acid resistance) and fabric with pH, air humidity and acid gas and so on, such as direct dyes Light Turquoise Blue GC, chrysophenine G, etc. In case of sour gas prone to wind and India; active in the Turquoise Blue KN-G, brilliant orange X-GN and other acid sensitive and prone to wind and India; disperse dyes such as yellow RGFL base-sensitive, but also easy to produce wind India . For aid, the middle and must do to make the fabric as pH = 7. We must also pay attention to breed and when the acids and bases, as far as possible with glacial acetic acid or an organic acid substitution, can never substitute acid containing H2SO4, HCl and other strong inorganic acids, choice of base Cheung also possible with ease Some.
2: 5 color flowers (including the color, the color does not match the sample, etc.)
Flower color dyeing process is the most common, the most common quality problems, causes are:
(1) technology development and operational issues: the development process is unreasonable or improper operation to generate color flowers.
(2) Equipment problems: such as disperse dye polyester after the hot oven temperature setting machine is also easy to produce different color flower color, dyed rope pump power shortage also cause color flowers.
(3) Dye question: Dye aggregation prone, poor solubility, poor compatibility, temperature, pH too sensitive are easy to produce color flowers and color. Such as Reactive Turquoise Blue KN-R easy to produce colored flowers.
(4) water quality problems: poor water quality, resulting in dye and metal ion binding or dye color impurities caused by condensation flowers, light color, color does not match the sample and so on. :: Problem with flower color additives are mainly related penetrant, leveling agent, chelating dispersant, pH value control agent penetrant penetration is not enough, could easily lead to uneven dye penetration color flowers, such as casual cotton dyeing, cheese dyeing effect, heavy fabric dyeing, penetrant can not be ignored, and some believe that only authentic factory penetrant JFC, but does not take into JFC cloud point only 38-42 ℃, 超过 42 ℃, its penetration force to play out, it will cause quality problems. Leveler there for polyester, cotton with wool, nylons, acrylic using various types of leveler, and the quality is uneven, leveling agent selection must take into account the effect of dispersing the dye solubilization, slow dyeing dye transfer effect, Help infiltration even complexation of metal ions in water, and shall take into consideration all aspects of its applicability PH, foam and so on color Rate. Leveler to improve the color flowers, the color point and so contributed some plants leveler just solution diffusing agent N, but did not think the proliferation of agents N at a high temperature cohesive effect of the anti-dye greatly reduced; there factory use of non-ionic surfactants are not suitable, resulting in more than cloud point nonionic surfactant itself precipitated dye-adsorbed tar-like substance into the fabric or equipment, but cause quality problems. Quality chelating dispersant is also related to dyeing problems, water quality is getting worse in the current situation, chelating dispersant for dyeing help more should pay attention to. pH control problem is a problem of the plant is not important, pH and some plants are not the same for each cylinder staining, plus some plants using different acid substitution of quality, such as containing phosphate, pH phosphate levels are ionized There are differences in how to control the pH value of the uniform: some plants using pH slip agents, but did not grasp the relationship between pH values such as temperature and time and slip agents produced between, pH control out of the question, so the color of flowers, continue to produce color phenomenon.
2: 6-color points (including white dots)
The reason the color point produced a lot, such as white spot, may be non-mature cotton dyes are not on reason, it may be caused by local soda ash and other solid dip dyeing and other reasons are not on the cloth. Mainly produce color point is:
(1) Dye improper selection: dye particles too large or too easy to produce condensed color point;
(2) the dye dissolved bad: undissolved dye into the dye into the fabric from the color point;
(3) poor water quality: poor water quality caused by condensation dye;
(4) equipment without a net: vat of tar-like substance causing fall under the color point;
(5) Additives Cause: dyeing auxiliaries sometimes resulting dye is added instead aggregated to produce color point; aid too much foam, foam and dye binding to a colored foam, stick to the fabric forming the color point; Precipitation and dye additives combined stick to the fabric and equipment, and aggregates on the device will turn James cause the color point on the fabric.
3: After finishing the selection of common quality problems and aid
3: 1 soft finishing common quality problems
3: 1: 1 to achieve their hand
Soft finish soft style with customer requirements differ, such as soft, smooth, fluffy, soft waxy, oily, dry slippery, use of different softener based on different styles. Such as film, there are different structures softener film, its softness, bulkiness, slip, yellowing case, affect the fabric of different water absorption etc; in a silicone oil, modified silicone oil properties of different modifying groups are different such as silicone oil, hydroxy silicone oil, epoxy-modified silicone oil, carboxyl-modified silicone oil, etc. properties are different.
3: 1: 2 yellowing discoloration
Amino silicone film and the amino group of amino general structure could easily lead to yellowing. In the film, the cationic film soft good, feel good, easily adsorbed on the fabric, but yellowing discoloration, hydrophilic effect, such as the cationic film converted into a soft spirits, which will greatly reduce the yellowing, hydrophilic there improvement, such as cationic silicone film with a hydrophilic compound or complex with hydrophilic finishing agent, will improve its hydrophilic.
Anionic or nonionic film not yellowed film; some non-yellowing film, does not affect the hydrophilic. Amino silicone oil is currently the most widely used oil, but amino cause yellowing discoloration, yellowing greater the higher the ammonia value, it should use low yellowing amino silicone or polyether-modified, epoxy-modified so difficult pan yellow silicone oil.
Further, when the emulsion polymerization is sometimes used as a cationic surfactant as emulsifier 1227,1831,1631, these emulsifiers will produce yellowing. Emulsifying silicone emulsifier used is different from its "stripping effect" is different, resulting in stripping under different conditions and light color; already belongs to discoloration.
3: 1: 3 drops hydrophilic fabric
After the film is generally a lack of structural problems and the use of water-absorbing silicone film-forming groups, as well as closed-hydroxy like cellulose fibers, wool on the carboxyl, amino, etc. These cause water absorption decreased absorption centers, should be used wherever possible anion, p; dark spots
The main reason is a deep stain fabric oily water pre-treatment to the net, oil staining at the darker color; or dyeing vulgar mixture too much foam, foam and flower hair Pied, dyes stick to the fabric; or defoamers Gone oil resulting dark oil spots; or vat of tar-like substance into the fabric; or dye aggregation in different situations from dark spots or excessive water quality calcium and magnesium ions combine with the dye stick to fabric superior reasons. To targeted for processing, as applied to oil when refined before processing, dyeing auxiliary low-foam, no foam additives, defoamers select varieties of easily floating oil, add chelating agents to improve water quality, increase solubilization dispersant Anti-dye aggregation, timely and clear cylinder cylinder washing agent tank clean.
3: 1: 5 light spots
The main reason is the pre-treatment stain shallow uneven, poor some parts of the capillary effect, produce a certain dye exclusion of, or with the exclusion staining substances, calcium soap, magnesium soap with a cloth or pre-treatment, or mercerized uneven spot additive, or semi drying unevenly or cloth stained with sodium sulphate, soda ash and other solid undissolved, or drop in Sheung Shui before drying dyed or dyed fabric softening treatment when finishing stains. Likewise must be targeted treatment, such as strengthening the pre-treatment, must be easy to form when the pre-treatment chemicals, calcium and magnesium soap selection, thorough pre-treatment must be uniform (this selection and scouring agent, penetrating agent, chelating dispersant, mercerizing penetrant and other relevant ), sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, etc. must be of good into the cylinder and the need to strengthen production management.
3: 1: 6 base spot
The main reason is the base spot after pre-treatment (such as bleaching, mercerization) or to base the net is not uneven, resulting in plaque produce base, it is necessary to strengthen the base of the pretreatment step process.
3: 1: 7 softener collapse
Softener stains caused probably due to the following:
(1) film of material poor, there is massive adhered to the fabric softener;
(2) After the film of the material too much foam in the cylinder when the cloth, fabric softener foam tape stains;
Poor (3) Water hardness is too high, the water impurities on the fabric softener binding lectin. Even make the fabric with stains after some plants with hexametaphosphate or alum-treated water, these substances and impurities in the water formed floc into a flexible treatment bath;
(4) cloth with anionic species, eating soft, and combined into a cationic softener stains or cloth with alkali, so softener cohesion;
Different (5) softener structure, causing some softening into slag from the emulsified state was adhered to the fabric, and so at higher temperatures;
(6) cylinder original tar-like substance falling softener stick to the fabric.
3: 1: 8 silicone oil stains
Silicone oil stains are difficult to deal with a class of stains, mainly due to:
(1) Oil on less than neutral pH value, especially with the base, causing the silicone oil demulsification floating oil;
(2) the treatment bath poor water quality, hardness is too high, the silicone oil in more than 15Omg / L hardness of the water easily floating oil;
(3) between silicone quality problems, including poor emulsion (emulsifier select poor, poor emulsification process, too emulsified particles, etc.), intolerance shear (mainly silicone itself quality problems, such as silicone oil emulsion system, silicone oil varieties , silicone synthesis process, etc.).
You can choose shear resistance, electrolyte resistance, resistance to change in pH silicone oil, but be careful of silicone oil usage and the environment, but also have considered hydrophilic silicone oil.
3: 1: 9 fluff poor
Raising poor operations (such as tension control, pile roller speed, etc.) are closely related, for raising it, the softener (commonly known as wax), the control fabric of dynamic and static coefficient of friction is the key with raising machine, so soft fluff preparation agent is the key, if softener too poor, a direct result of poor fluff, or even result in broken or width changes Alhambra.
3: 2 resin finishing common quality problems
3: 2: 1 Formaldehyde
Because formaldehyde resin or resin N- hydroxymethyl structure decomposition of formaldehyde caused by excessive levels of formaldehyde. It should use ultra-low formaldehyde resins or formaldehyde-free resin.
Of course, the problem is very widespread source of formaldehyde, such as the fixing agent Y, M, softener MS-20, Sl, water repellent AEG, FTC, adhesives RF, flame retardants and other additives THPC sometimes cause excessive formaldehyde. Migration of formaldehyde in the air at the same time may cause high levels of formaldehyde on the fabric.
3: 2: 2 yellowing or discoloration problem
Resin finish, usually resulting in yellowing, so: to minimize yellowing, discoloration.
3: 2: 3 strength decreased question
Usually resin finish will produce a strong decline can be added to the fiber protection agents, such as oxidized polyethylene wax emulsion body.
3: 2: 4 feel Problems
General Resin finishing touch harden phenomenon causes, can be added to soft ingredients, but be careful not to affect the resin finishing quality. Improved feel for the decline in strength also greatly improved. But feel stiff surface of the resin caused problems are caused by the resin itself and drying and other reasons, to targeted improvements.
3: 3 other quality problems
3: 3: 1 metal ion exceeded
Metal ion Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Hg, As, Pb, Cd and other export products to be detected, if exceeded, but also the same as formaldehyde have serious consequences. In auxiliaries, such metal ions is less, but some additives can cause excessive, such as antimony trioxide flame retardant emulsion containing a large amount of mercury, water repellent CR, phoboTexCR (Ciba), Cerolc (Sandoz) and the like containing chromium. When the wool with mordant dyes, the use of an intermediary agent is sodium dichromate or potassium dichromate or sodium chromate, Cr6 + will be exceeded.
3: 3: 2 color change
After finishing in the color change is more, it must pay attention to the choice of dye staining in dyeing fight Cheung, you must press the corresponding finishing process, to determine whether the choice of dye occur under Auxiliaries the mere mention, of course, the best choice will not cause discoloration after finishing agent is the best option, but it often has limitations (such as copper antimicrobial agent itself colored, chromium-containing water repellent but also color, will cause fabric discoloration), while also taking into dyed fabric during the drying yellowing curing dye sublimation and other factors coloration and discoloration caused by excessive temperatures caused.
3: 3: 3APEO exceeded
APEO as an indicator has also been severely restricted in some countries, this indicator and pre-treatment of the scouring agent, penetrating, India Staining of detergent, leveling agent, after finishing softener emulsifier etc. Related in the case is still widely used TX, NP series surfactant as auxiliary raw materials, its prevention difficult, the only way is to insist on the use of environmentally friendly dyeing auxiliaries, strictly eliminate APEO containing additives into the plant and hazardous substances use.

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