Organic Silicone: The Invisible Engine Driving Efficiency and Durability in the Photovoltaic Industry-Iota

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News > Dynamic industry > Organic Silicone: The Invisible Engine Driving Efficiency and Durability in the Photovoltaic Industry

Organic Silicone: The Invisible Engine Driving Efficiency and Durability in the Photovoltaic Industry

Driven by global carbon neutrality goals, the photovoltaic (PV) industry is growing at over 20% annually, reshaping the global energy landscape. In 2024, China added 277.57 GW of new PV capacity, accounting for 38% of the global market. Behind this rapid expansion, organic silicone materials—thanks to their exceptional properties—have become deeply embedded in every stage of the PV value chain, playing a key role in improving module efficiency and extending service life.

1. Material Innovation in Technological Upgrades
As the industry transitions from P-type to N-type solar cells and adopts high-efficiency technologies such as TOPCon and HJT, there is increasing demand for advanced encapsulation materials. Organic silicone stands out with its high light transmittance, low water vapor permeability, and excellent performance in extreme conditions:

Encapsulation Films: Fluorosilicone-modified films reduce water vapor transmission to below 0.5 g/(m²·day) while maintaining over 92% light transmittance, reducing power degradation by 40%.
Conductive Adhesives: Filled with silver nanoparticles, they achieve a volume resistivity below 1×10⁻⁴ Ω·cm and withstand thermal cycling between −40 °C and 150 °C—ideal for low-temperature processes.
Structural Adhesives: Featuring self-healing properties and elongation at break over 300%, they maintain more than 90% of initial bonding strength after 25 years, effectively preventing microcracks in solar cells.

2. Applications Across the Entire Lifecycle

Manufacturing: UV-curable silicone adhesives cut soldering time to 0.8 seconds per cell with a 99.2% yield rate; low-viscosity release agents reduce EVA film residue.
Outdoor Use: Dust-resistant, self-cleaning coatings with contact angles over 160° boost daily power output by 2–3%; low-temperature potting compounds maintain elasticity at −60 °C, ideal for polar region installations.
Recycling: Depolymerizable encapsulation materials allow for over 95% recovery using microwave-assisted catalysis, supporting a circular economy in PV production.

3. Ecosystem of Collaborative Innovation

Academic-Industry Collaboration: A joint lab between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Hoshine has developed third-generation silicone–polyolefin composite films with three times the UV resistance of traditional materials.
Equipment Innovation: Specialized lamination machines designed for silicone materials offer ±1 °C temperature control, boosting flatness compliance of modules to 99.5%.
Standardization: An industry standard for silicone sealants for PV modules, led by LONGi, has been incorporated into the IEC framework, covering 23 key performance indicators.

4. Future Technology Directions

Flexible PV: Silicone elastomers with elongation over 500% endure over 100,000 bending cycles, enabling wearable solar applications.
Smart Responsive Materials: Thermosensitive silicone microcapsules automatically open cooling channels above 85 °C, lowering module temperature by 10–15 °C.
Bio-Based Materials: Silicone derived from straw cellulose reduces carbon footprint by 60% compared to traditional products, meeting new EU carbon tariff requirements.

Organic silicone has evolved from a secondary material into a strategic asset in PV innovation. Through ongoing breakthroughs in materials science, Chinese PV companies are building strong technological advantages and supporting the global adoption of clean energy. Research advances—such as quantum dot silicones from Xi’an Jiaotong University—may mark a new era of solar efficiency, accelerating the transition to a zero-carbon future.

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