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Service > [silicone development history] international background (one)

[silicone development history] international background (one)

Since 1863 Human obtained since the first organic silicon compound, silicone chemistry and industry has gone through nearly 150 years, its development process can be divided into the following four stages:
1863 French chemist Brad Friedel (C.Fredel) and Krafts (JM Crafts) with SiCl4 and ZnEt2 as raw materials, at 160 ℃ in the sealed tube reaction, prepared the first organic silicon compound tetraethylsilane ( SiEt4); 1872 年 Ladenburg (A.Ladenburg) use ZnEt2, Si (OEt) 3Cl reacted with Na, prepared with silicone silane functional group; and from HgPh2 two years after his departure and SiCl4, prepared in a sealed tube PhSiCl3; 1884 年 Pape with n-propyl zinc and trichlorosilane as raw material by reaction to produce tri (n-propyl) silane, further oxidation condensation system in two six-propyl siloxane; 1885 Polis (Polis ) Applications sodium condensation (ie Wurtz reaction) was synthesized tetraphenyl silane; 1896 Combes synthesized tris (dimethylaminophenyl) silanol hydrochloride. Until 1903, many chemists for the birth of silicone chemistry to pay a lot of effort, it is customary at this stage is called early-stage silicone chemistry.
1904 British chemist Kipping (FSKipping) and the French chemist Durcet (W. Dilthey) almost simultaneously by Grignard (Grignard) synthesized by the reaction of organic silicon compounds, this method can be synthesized in many different organic silicon functionality a silicon compound. Kipping in 1889 ~ 1944 to silicone chemistry carried out extensive and in-depth study, published 57 silicone chemistry research papers, and laid a good foundation for the development of silicone chemistry and industry, and therefore was later known as the founder of silicone chemistry. Durcet by Grignard reaction of diphenyldichlorosilane (Ph2SiCl2) obtained after hydrolysis dihydroxy diphenyl silane [Ph2Si (OH) 2], and then further condensation cyclization prepared first annular silicone - hexaphenyl cyclotrisiloxane. Durcet and applied research in the preparation of a silicone polymer has done a lot of pioneering work in promoting the development of silicone played an important role. In 1904 and 1937 the 30 years time, people mainly synthesized many new organic silicon compound by the Grignard reaction, mastered organochlorosilane hydrolysis and condensation cyclization organic cyclosiloxanes technology, and as a raw prepared silicone polymer, called silicone chemistry during this period of growth period.
The 1930s' end, high-performance silicone polymer increasing cause for concern, applied research organic silicon become hot. This period is more representative of the United States Corning Glass Company Hyde (JFHyde), General Electric Company's Panuo De (WJ Patnode) and Luoqiao (EGRochow), the former Soviet Union Dole Gough (Б.Н. Долгов) and Andelia Ivanov (К..А..Андрианов), Germany Miller (R.Müller) and other organic silicon predecessors. They in-depth study of the hydrolysis of organic chlorine-based silane monomer condensation reactions are carried out on the synthesis and application of a silicone polymer, prepared the first silicone polymer industrial products - silicone resin, 1940 and prepared dimethicone. With the application of research and work carried out on the polysiloxane, the demand for silane monomer rapidly increasing use of Grignard synthesis chlorosilane monomer has been difficult to meet the requirements. In 1941, almost simultaneously 罗乔 and Miller applied for a direct synthesis organochlorosilanes patents, laid the foundation for large-scale industrial production of organic silicon; 1942, Dow Chemical Company and built a methyl silicone oil and silicone resin test equipment; 1943, Dow Chemical Company and Corning Glass Company established a joint venture of Dow Corning Corporation; 1947 General Electric Company was founded silicone division, and Luoqiao patents build the first set of direct synthesis methylchlorosilane industrial equipment; 1940s', Dow Corning and General Electric companies have launched a silicone coating, silicone-based laminated products, aircraft ignition sealant, dimethicone, silicone defoamers and anti-adhesive paper, silicone fabric finishing agents, high vacuum diffusion pump oil and heat vulcanized silicone rubber and other products; 1950s', Europe, America and Japan and other developed countries have built organic silicon production plant, making organochlorosilane production technology is more mature, the silicone polymer new products are emerging, promote the application and development of organic silicon industry and organic silicon products. By 1965, a variety of silicone polymer has formed industrial production scale, product is also applied to the national defense and civilian fields. Silicone chemistry research breakthroughs in silicon reaction, hydrosilylation reaction, photoactive silicon compound and carbon functional silane, etc., to establish a more mature reaction mechanism; in terms of polymer, silicone around an equilibrium reaction, to establish a the whole industry is still the basic technology applications; in industrial production and application of technology development, the introduction of new technology and new methods, greatly improving the continuous and automation, fluids, silicone rubber, silicone products have come out. So people will be called the period of development of organic silicon.

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